Circuits and Electronics

Objective

Introduce fundamental techniques in electronics to engineering undergraduates whose major is NOT in EECS.

Scope

Cover circuits, analog, digital courses, provide hints and preliminary introductions to signal and system, micro-computer. The course consists of generic methods, electronic and electric components, and applications.

Textbook & supplementary

Anant Agarwal, Foundations of Analog and Digital Electronics, 2005, Elsevier.
  1. Paul Horowitz, and Windfield Hill, The Art of Electronics, 2nd Edition, The Cambridge University Press, 1989, ISBN-10: 0521370957.
  2. 邱关源，电路。
  3. 童诗白，模拟电路。
  4. 阎石，数字电路。

Experimental

  1. PSpice. Student version shall be OK.
  2. MATLAB.
  3. Xilinx BASYS2.
    1. http://www.openhw.org/
    2. http://www.digilentinc.com/

Grading policy

  1. Experiment and Report, 30%.
  2. Midterm, 30%.
  3. Final, 40%.

Syllabus

  1. Introduction. Chap 1, Preface, Appendix.
  2. Lumped Circuit Abstraction. Chap 1.
  3. KVL/KCL. Chap 2, 3.1-3.5.
  4. Nonlinear/linear circuit. Chap 4.
  5. Thevenin and Norton. Chap 3.
  6. Digital abstraction. Chap 5.
  7. Combinational & sequential logic. Handout to be provided.
  8. Inside the Digital Gate. Chap 6.
  9. Semiconductor devices. Handout to be provided.
  10. Incremental Analysis. Chap 4.
  11. Dependent Sources and Amplifier. Chap 7.
  12. MOSFET Amplifier Large Signal Analysis. Chap 7.
  13. Small Signal Model. Chap 8.
  14. Push-pull and Differential Circuits. Handout to be provided.
  15. Capacitors and First-Order Systems.
  16. State and Memory. Chap 10.
  17. Second-Order Systems. Chap 12.
  18. The impedance model. Chap 13.
  19. Filter. Chap 14.
  20. Op-amp. Chap 15.
  21. Op Amps Feedback. Chap 15.

Course project & report

  1. More electric aircraft. 3 pages; key issue; your possible interest/contribution; no Ctrl+P; email the report to me.
  2. FPGA based calculation of SHA256. Review report.
  3. Experiments of digital circuits. Finish the required projects, save to USB stick, and prepare a brief report in English. Come to RM 405, BLDG 1, 15PM-17PM on 16th May 2014, one by one. Show and explain your work to TA. The score is based on the quality of your answer and reports. Delayed demo will NOT be marked.
  4. Simulations of chaotic circuits.
  5. Experiments of analog circuits.
  6. 为何南极的冰山破裂可被监听，MH370坠海却测不到？中文报告，言之成理，参考文献如下，自查更多文献（包括email问询相关人士）。
  7. MOSFET -> FinFET技术潮流阐述。
  8. 智能军棋实现的电子技术原理，讨论、比较可能的实现路径及其成本。
  9. 玩具机器人系统初探，重点：搞清楚课堂学的电源、地、信号、传感器、执行器等概念，对应的真实物理世界；开始自学编程语言来控制和改变物理世界。

2022年实验课计划

  1. 模拟电路实验（一）：示波器的使用与简易传声器电路。
  2. 模拟电路实验（二）：共射放大电路与差分放大电路。
  3. 模拟电路实验（三）：运算放大电路。
  4. 模拟电路实验（四）：Arduino驱动电机与模数转换。
  5. 数字电路实验（一）：FPGA基础入门。
  6. 数字电路实验（二）：FPGA中IP核的使用。
  7. 数字电路实验（三）：FPGA应用实例之梳状滤波器。

Python + SPICE (PySpice)

Objective：一饭三吃
  1. Understand how to do circuit simulations;
  2. Learn to do code with Python;
  3. Find more materials by yourselves (you will find that most are in English).
Python基本：
  1. Python基本：https://docs.python.org/3.8/tutorial/index.html，只需要Python基本语法.
  2. Read: https://pyspice.fabrice-salvaire.fr/releases/v1.6/examples/data-analysis/fft.html
  3. 理解每一行代码，自行google fft或者看MATLAB中dft函数help。matplotlib的用法同MATLAB中绘图。
Installation
  1. https://pyspice.fabrice-salvaire.fr/releases/v1.6/installation.html
  2. 安装不会，其它免谈。遇到报错，多多Google。
  3. 用conda create -n envname来建立虚拟环境后再装。
  4. Win/Linux/OSX都可以，但目前不适用于M1, M2系统（2022.8）。
  5. 正确安装后可用下述命令测试：pyspice-post-installation --check-install.
Fundamental tests
  1. 分压电路. Read: https://pyspice.fabrice-salvaire.fr/releases/v1.6/examples/fundamental-laws/voltage-current-divider.html, examples/fundamental-laws/voltage-current-divider.py. 提示：看懂每一行代码，理解代码如何表达实际电路之间各元件的连接关系。以电阻桥为例：Read: https://pyspice.fabrice-salvaire.fr/releases/v1.6/examples/resistor/resistor-bridge.html, 读code: examples/resistor/resistor-bridge.py，提示：根据如此简单的code搞清楚怎么用python语言来描述电路连接关系。
  2. KVL/KCL. Read: https://pyspice.fabrice-salvaire.fr/releases/v1.6/examples/fundamental-laws/index.html, click 8.8.1. examples/fundamental-laws/millman-theorem.py, 读每一行code，对照执行。提示：import pdb.
  3. Thevenin/Norton. Read: https://pyspice.fabrice-salvaire.fr/releases/v1.6/examples/fundamental-laws/thevenin-norton-theorem.html. examples/fundamental-laws/thevenin-norton-theorem.py. 提示：代码观其大意即可。
  4. Diode V-I curve. Read: https://pyspice.fabrice-salvaire.fr/releases/v1.6/examples/diode/diode-characteristic-curve.html. examples/diode/diode-characteristic-curve.py. 提示：import pdb, 设置断点，逐行debug，理解每一行。 注意：网页上的结果图正确，实际生成code中线条颜色可能不一致，以网页为准。此外，spice_library此类object查看里面内容用vars, 即vars(spice_library). 注意2：此程序可能有bug，但设置断点后不影响执行到bug前面的主体程序。 static resistance and dynamic resistance, 了解即可。
  5. Diode rectification. Read: https://pyspice.fabrice-salvaire.fr/releases/v1.6/examples/diode/rectification.html. examples/diode/rectification.py. 逐行阅读理解。提示：理解半波整流和全波整流的设计区别；理解滤波在其中的作用及物理实现。
  6. Optional: Diode voltage multiplier 蚊子拍电路. Read: https://pyspice.fabrice-salvaire.fr/releases/v1.6/examples/diode/voltage-multiplier.html, and the wikipedia reference therein. 警告：在无指导下，别自己做此实际实验。 examples/diode/voltage-multiplier.py
  7. MOSFET. Read: https://pyspice.fabrice-salvaire.fr/releases/v1.6/examples/transistor/nmos-transistor.html. examples/transisor/nmos-transistor.py, 提示：没几行代码，重点读清楚如何调用mosfet库，及如何描述其连接关系。Optional: How to plot the other curve for Vgs vs Vds?
  8. OpAMP. Read: https://pyspice.fabrice-salvaire.fr/releases/v1.6/examples/operational-amplifier/operational-amplifier.html, 搞懂其中如何用来做比较器的思想和code。修改代码，实现微分器。
  9. First-order system. Read: https://pyspice.fabrice-salvaire.fr/releases/v1.6/examples/passive/capacitor-inductor.html. 修改代码，自行研究不同R, C参数的变化对动态性能的影响。提示：本例子可用来清晰展示什么是transient response，什么是steady values, 什么是states.

* 说明：受GitHub托管300M空间限制，所有参考资料不在此提供，请尝试：http://www2.coe.pku.edu.cn/faculty/huangxun。